Public engagement provision. (360G-Wellcome-106149_Z_14_A)

Direct communication between the nervous system and machines sparks considerable popular interest. Cyborgs and brain implants have long been popular themes in science fiction, but developments in advanced prosthetics and Brain-Machine Interfaces have led in recent years to increasing media coverage of neuroprosthetics applications for patients who have lost motor function. Recording a non-invasive brain signal like EEG takes time to set-up and calibrate, which limits its utility for interactive public demos, and it can be difficult and frustrating for visitors to learn to control these signals. By contrast, myoelectric control using electromyogram (EMG) recordings from the muscles can be demonstrated quickly and safely to the public using disposable adhesive electrodes that are placed on the skin in seconds. We have developed an interactive myoelectric-controlled musical interface (Musical Muscles) which has featured in public events at the Sage, Gateshead (2011) and the Barbican, London (2013). Participants can first see and listen to the raw EMG signal produced by the muscles, and learn how it is generated by motor units within the muscle. At low contraction levels, it is possible for participants to hear motor unit action potentials corresponding to the spiking activity of single motorneurons in their own spinal cord, providing a compelling demonstration of neural signalling through discrete electrical events. They can then use these signals to play a new type of musical instrument we have devised, which converts the EMG signals recorded from multiple muscles into a range of interesting musical sounds, moving visual images and tactile feedback. Through learning to control the myoelectric musical instrument, participants discover for themselves the brains remarkable ability to learn new sensorimotor relationships. They can explore whether it is easier to use some muscles (e.g. hand) than others (e.g.upper-arm) and learn how this relates to direct versus indirect pathways from the motor cortex to the spinal cord. Through these demos and further poster information and videos about myoelectric controlled and brain-controlled interfaces, we show in an entertaining way how fundamental discoveries in movement neuroscience are leading directly to new treatments for patients withdevastating disabilities. I plan to continue presenting and developing MusicalMuscles and related hands-on myoelectric-control demonstrations through the course of this fellowship. I anticipate presenting this around once or twice per year during local Brain Awareness Week activities and at other public engagement events for children and adults. I am in contact with the Guerilla Science organisation about incorporating Musical Muscles into their events that target hard to reach groups. I am also keen to explore this as a patient engagement opportunity, since myoelectric interfaces enable new ways for thosewith disabilities to interact with their environments. Public engagement activities will be co-ordinated by Ann Fitchett, Events and External Liaison Coordinator for the Institute of Neuroscience, and will draw on engagement expertise within the Centre for Life at Newcastle.